Although the specialty of plastic surgery is thought to be focused on aesthetic surgery, reconstructive surgery, hand surgery, craniofacial surgery, microsurgery and wound/burn treatment are also significantly included in the field of plastic surgery. The basis of reconstructive surgery is the repair of all acquired or congenital tissue and organ losses affecting the skin, subcutaneous and bones on the body surface. In this context, for example, attached fingers, traumatic burns, different incisions and limb amputations, chronic wounds, and vascular masses such as hemangiomas are included in this surgical discipline.

Aesthetic surgery, when considered as cosmetic surgery, covers surgeries and interventions performed to further beautify and perfect the body appearance. Although the main purpose here is beauty and aesthetic concerns rather than a medical problem, it may also be aimed at the treatment of diseases accompanied by medical problems. Plastic surgery is a broad discipline that covers all these areas.

In this context, both medical and aesthetic problems, such as gynecomastia or reconstruction of an overweight body, can be solved together. In plastic and aesthetic surgery, it is very important to preserve the function of an organ as well as to correct it aesthetically. During rhinoplasty, which is an aesthetic nose surgery, the focus is on correcting breathing problems while shaping the nose.

While plastic surgery specialization deals with pathological disorders such as tissue disorders in the general body, surgical scars after surgical operations, and sagging due to trauma, it can also perform aesthetic interventions in line with the requests from the patient. In this context, congenital or acquired deformities (cleft lip, cleft palate, congenitally attached fingers), open wounds occurring after trauma and diseases, post-traumatic facial bone fractures and their surgical treatment, skin cancers and their surgical treatment, post-traumatic functional disorders of the hand and hand surgery, microsurgery (tissue transplants, nerve and vascular repairs), surgical treatment of skin tumors, eyelid disorders, treatment of burns and scars that cause functional and deformity.

It includes theoretical and practical training of plastic and aesthetic surgery treatment methods.